Thai farmers and hawkers form a large portion of the economy. From padi, there is rice. From sugarcane, sugar. And from corn, feed meal for livestock. The food producers in Thailand are an integral part of the economic engine, providing affordable food and sustenance to the rest of the population. More than 10 million hectares of rice, sugarcane and corn are planted and harvested every year. While officially illegal the costs to recover and process such waste reliably lead to the cheapest alternative: open-burning.

Steering Stakeholder behavior is the most important, most difficult and the most rewarding challenge for us at puendin.

Kao-laam is a Thai favorite, eaten regularly and also given as souvenirs between Thais. Bamboo is used as both bowl and bag. We collect bamboo off-cuts, unusable waste from the artisanal crafting of bamboo rice holders and convert this to biochar at our site in Chonburi, Rayong in very-low emissions kiln units, and after, the biochar is milled, packaged and distributed. 

While the science of biochar conversion is age-old and well-known, process-design meeting high-quality carbon standards is not. We work with more than a century of applied experience at the leading Chulalongkorn University and listed engineering design houses for kiln design.  

Biochar that re-enters the soil potentially chiefly increases carbon availability as well as improving water retention and potentially plant productivity. 

puendin is composed of 65–75% fixed carbon and comes in two forms: pure biochar and biochar plus earthworm compost. puendin does not replace fertilizer; while puendin does not any N, P, or K nutrients to the soil, internal testing with garden plants without fertilizer and on damaged soil at a Malaysian premium durian farm with organic liquid fertilizer show improved leaf growth, healthier tree appearance and copious flowering in garden plants. 

*As of September 2024, the durian fruit yield is yet completed.

We provide jobs, wages and direct incomes (in biochar purchases) to the local community. The revenues  that  puendin hai farmers and hawkers form a large portion of the economy. From padi, there is rice. From sugarcane, sugar. And from corn, feed meal for livestock. The food producers in Thailand are an integral part of the economic engine, providing affordable food and sustenance to the rest of the population. More than 10 million hectares of rice, sugarcane and corn are planted and harvested every year. While officially illegal the costs to recover and process such waste reliably lead to the cheapest alternative: open-burning.

Steering Stakeholder behavior is the most important, most difficult and the most rewarding challenge for us at puendin.